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WHAT IS THE NEW CORONAVIRUS SARS-COV-2?
Coronaviruses are a broad family of viruses that normally affect only animals.
Some have the ability to transmit from animals to people.
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a new type of coronavirus that can affect people and has been detected for the first time in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, Hubei province, in China.
There are still many issues that are unknown in relation to the disease it produces: COVID-19.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF COVID-19?
The most common symptoms include fever, cough, and feeling short of breath.
In some cases there may also be digestive symptoms such as diarrhea and abdominal pain.
In more severe cases, the infection can cause pneumonia, significant difficulty breathing, kidney failure and even death.
The most serious cases usually occur in elderly people or who suffer from any other disease, such as heart, lung or immunity problems.
HOW CAN INFECTION BE ACQUIRED?
It seems that the transmission is by close contact with the respiratory secretions that are generated with the cough or sneeze of a sick person.
Its contagiousness depends on the amount of the virus in the respiratory tract.
These secretions would infect another person if they come in contact with their nose, eyes or mouth.
Airborne transmission over distances greater than one or two meters seems unlikely.
WHAT ARE THE RISK ZONES?
Depending on the evolution of the situation, the risk areas may vary.
There is currently sustained transmission in mainland China (with special emphasis on Hubei), Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Iran and some regions of northern Italy (regions of Lombardy, Veneto, Emilia-Romagna and Piedmont).
You can consult the risk zone map at:
https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov-China/areas.htm
IS THERE A TREATMENT FOR COVID-19?
There is no specific treatment, but some antivirals that have shown some efficacy in recent studies are being used.
Yes, there are many treatments to control your symptoms, so health care improves the prognosis.
Being an infection caused by viruses, antibiotics should not be used as a means of prevention or treatment.
WHAT CAN I DO TO PROTECT MYSELF?
Generic measures of individual protection against respiratory diseases include:
- Frequent hand hygiene (washing with soap and water or alcoholic solutions), especially after direct contact with sick people or their surroundings.
- When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with your elbow bent or a tissue.
- Keep a distance of approximately one meter with people who show signs of respiratory condition, such as coughing or sneezing.
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth, as the hands facilitate transmission.
Do not take special precautions with animals in Spain, or with food, to avoid this infection.
DO I HAVE TO USE MASKS TO PROTECT ME?
The general healthy population does not need to wear masks.
Health professionals will indicate the use of masks in those situations in which it is considered necessary in each case.
Improper use of masks can contribute to a shortage of them in those situations for which they are indicated.
WHAT DO I HAVE TO DO IF I TRAVEL TO A RISK AREA?
It is not recommended to travel to the affected areas unless it is strictly necessary.
The Ministry of Health updates its recommendations to travelers on the web:
https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov-China/ciudadania.htm
WHAT DO I HAVE TO DO IF I HAVE RETURNED FROM ANY RISK AREA?
People who return from an affected area and have good health can lead a normal life, with family, friends and, in general, in school and work.
If in the 14 days after the return of the trip they develop respiratory symptoms (fever, cough and feeling of shortness of breath), they should stay at home and contact the health services by phone by calling 112. The health services will assess your state of health and the travel history and possible contact with cases of coronavirus.
LINKS OF INTEREST
For more information, you can consult the following official sources.
Ministry of Health:
https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/ccayes/alertasActual/nCov- China / home.htm
European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC):
https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/novel-coronavirus-china
World Health Organization (WHO):
https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus
Source: Ayuntamiento de Alhama de Murcia
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